start in the manorial roll, and it would be apt at this point to describe such records. Rolls of a Manor Court were divided into two sections. Court Leet and the Court Baron. The latter dealt with the domestic matters and especially transfer of land from one tenant to another: the fomer with petty criminal offences. A freeholder taking up his inheritance paid a relief to the Lord of the Manor: at the death of a copyholder his best chattel was taken by the Lord, known as a heriot. When a copyholder died, or wished to sell his land, the admission of the new tenant was recorded in the court roll and a copy of the entry was given to him as his title deed, hence the term copyhold. If property was not kept in repair, it might be confiscated by the Lord. Permission was given for a tenant's daughter to be married. Disputes between tenants were settled and debts recovered.
The Sandridge Court Rolls are kept at Althorp, seat of Earl Spencer, and it would therefore at this point be timely to sketch briefly the history of the Lords of Sandridge Manor. To describe with simplicity the Churchill family, for it is indeed the family of Sir Winston Churchill which is concerned, it would be as well to choose Sarah Jennings, so often involved with the Thrales in estate matters, as the focal point. The fiery Sarah was descended from many of Hertfordshire's foremost gentry. It is curious that many historians should be in error with regard to Sarah's ancestry for the basic sources of wills and inquisitions post mortem are readily available. It has already been mentioned how Ralph Rowlatt obtained the Manor of Sandridge upon the Dissolution. Ralph's daughter Elizabeth had married Barnard Jennings, the latter dying in London in 1552. It is from this union that the descent continued down to Sarah's father Richard Jennings of St. Albans, as illustrated in the accompanying pedigree, (12) as shown on the next page.
Richard had married Frances Thornhurst, and it is through her that Sarah had the blood of the Brockets of Wheathampstead and Brocket Hall, of the Bensteads of Benington, and of the Lyttons of Knebworth flowing through her veins. Sarah's grandmother Alice Spencer was daughter of Sir Richard Spencer of Offley, son of Sir John Spencer of Althorp, the family already described, and this branch of the family was to link up again by the marriage five generations later of Charles Spencer. third Earl of Sunderland, with Anne, daughter of Sarah Jennings, and from from whom Sir Winston Churchill was directly descended.
Richard Jennings, father of Sarah, was twice M.P. for St. Albans. It was at Holywell House on the 29th May 1660 that Sarah, the second
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Owner of original
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Richard William Thrale
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File name
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histories/tree01-book-new-thraliana/new-thraliana-092.html
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File Size
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2.61 KB
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Media ID
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962
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Dimensions
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n/a
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Folio version
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v15.0.0.38 (B241216-032904)
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Linked to
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Richard Thrale/Dorothy Fuller; John Thrale/Sarah Jaques; Richard Grunwyn/Mary Thrale; Onslow Teddar/Mary Thrale; Richard Thrale/Martha Aylward; Robert Penn/Sarah Thrale; male Penn/; John Thrale/Margaret Chaplin; Richard Palmer/Sarah Thrale; Ralph Thrale/Elizabeth Grunwyn; William Thrale/Margaret Smyth; John Grindon/Abigail Thrale; male White/female Pemberton; male White/female Grindon; male Gale/female White; Charles Gale/female Wood; male Wood/female ?; James White/Jeanie Joubert; male Joubert/Bothia Collins; male Sergeant/female Joubert; male Andrews/; Thomas Thrale/Elizabeth Andrews; Ralph Thrale/Mary Crouch; Thomas Prentice/Abigail Thrale; ? Freeman/Anne Thrale; John Grindon/Abigail Thrale; John Grindon/; John Grindon/Abigail Thrale; John Thrale/Susan South; Richard William Thrale; Hester Lynch Salusbury; Hannah Maria Green; Ernest Norman Thrale; Richard Thrale; Richard Thrale; John Thrale; John Thrale; Margaret Thrale; John Thrale; Richard Thrale; Robert Thrale; Robert Thrale; Thomas Thrale; Alban Thrale; Alice ; Jane ; Nicholas Thrale; Francis Thrale; Petronell Thrale; Francis Thrale; Edward Thrale; Alice Thrale; John Thrale; William Thrale; John Thrale; Helen ; Elizabeth Smith; Thomas Thrale; Alban Thrale; Thomas Thrale; John Thrale; Thomas Thrale; Thomas Thrale; Alban Thrale; Elizabeth Jaques; Ralph Thrale; Sarah Thrale; Martha Thrale; Thomas Thrale; Ralph Thrale; William Thrale; Alice Dixon; Robert Thrale; Abby Rebecca Thrale; John Thrale; William Thrale; Ralph Thrale; Ralph Thrale; female Grindon; male White; Elizabeth Pemberton White; female White; Charles Gale; James White; William Thrale; Thomas Thrale; Ralph Thrale; Thomas Thrale; Thomas Thrale; John Thrale; Ralph Thrale; Abigail Andrews; Mary Crouch; John Thrale; Thomas Thrale; William Thrale; Anna Grindon; Robert Wells; John Thrale; Anne ; Abigail Thrale; John Thrale; John South Thrale; Johanna ; Sarah Thrale; Thomas Thrale; Richard Thrale; SANDRIDGE, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; SANDRIDGEBURY, SANDRIDGE, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; CLOPHILL, BEDFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; LUTON, BEDFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; WEST HYDE, BEDFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; THRALES END, HARPENDEN, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; HARPENDEN, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; ST ALBANS, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; NAPSBURY, ST ALBANS, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; NEW MILL END, BEDFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; EAST HYDE, BEDFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; KINGSBURY, ST ALBANS, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; CHILDWICKBURY, SANDRIDGE, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; HUNDREDS OF FLITT, BEDFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; ASPLEY GUISE, BEDFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; GIFFORD, SANDY, BEDFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; HOLBORN, MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND; NOMANSLAND, SANDRIDGE, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; ASTWICK, BEDFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; FLAMSTEAD, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; HATFIELD, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; SAINT PAULS, WALDEN, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; WHEATHAMPSTEAD, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; SAINT MICHAELS, ST ALBANS, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; CODICOTE, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; HAMMONDS, SANDRIDGE, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; SAINT NICHOLAS COLE ABBEY, MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND; BATCHWOOD, ST MICHAELS, ST ALBANS, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; ABBOTS LANGLEY, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; BEECH HIDE, SANDRIDGE, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND; SAINT MARTIN IN THE FIELDS, MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND; CHARING CROSS, MIDDLESEX, ENGLAND; SAINT LEONARDS CHURCH, SANDRIDGE, HERTFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
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Thrale history
